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表语从句

1-介绍

表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。

表语从句( Predicative Clause )就是指一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

2-构成

主语+连系动词+句子作表语(表语从句)

3-引导表语从句的关联词

  1. 引导表语从句的连系动词有：be，look，seem，sound，appear 等
    • China is no longer what she used to be.
    • The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
    • At that time，it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word.
    • It seems to me that we should answer for this. (在我看来…)
    • It appears to her that he wants to teach us all he has. (在她看来…)
  2. 从属连词 whether，as，as if / though 引导表语从句
    • He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
    • It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
  3. 从属连词 that 引导表语从句
    • The trouble is that I have lost his address.
  4. because，why 引导表语从句
    • That’s because he didn’t understand me.（强调原因；那是因为…）
    • That’s why he got angry with me.（强调结果；那是为什么…）

    what 引导的主语从句表示结果或名词 reason 作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用 that 引导，不宜用 because.

    • The reason why I was sad was that he didn’t understand me.

  5. 连接代词/连接副词引导表语从句

    连接代词有 : who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever

    • The problem is who we can get to replace her.
    • That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.

    连接副词有：where，when，how，why

    • The question is how he did it.

  6. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句

    在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用 “should+动词原形” 表示(should 可省略)。

    常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea 等。

    • My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.

4-总结

  1. 连系动词 be，appear，seem，look等之后可以跟表语从句
  2. 引导表语从句的引导词分为：
    1. wh-疑问词
      • My question is who left.
      • What I wonder is when he left.
      • That’s what he wants.
      • This is where they once lived.
      • That is why he didn’t come here.

    2. whether

      if 不能引导表语从句

      • My question is whether he left (or not).

    3. that

      that 有时可省略

      • The fact is that he left.
      • The truth is（that）I didn’t go there.
    4. because，as，as if，as though
      • It’s just because he doesn’t know her.
      • Things are not always as they seem to be.
      • He looks as if he’s tired.